Laparoscopy
Introduction
Laparoscopic surgery is otherwise known as keyhole surgery. This involves making very small cuts on the abdominal wall (about 1cm in length) to allow long thin instruments to be passed into the abdominal cavity and allow the operation to proceed. The surgeon uses a high quality digital camera to project the image onto a TV screen while operating. The advantage of keyhole surgery is that the patient has a very rapid recovery, patients experience much less pain and cosmetically, the results are very pleasing when compared with open surgery, which requires a large incision.
Pyeloplasty
Pyeloplasty operation is performed when the drainage of the kidney is obstructed due to a narrow segment of the upper ureter (the tube connecting the kidneys to the bladder). At presentation to the doctor, the patient usually experiences pain in the loin region, especially after having a large fluid intake. This operation removes the narrowed segment from the upper ureter and the kidney and ureter tube are rejoined forming a funnel drainage for the kidney. After this operation patients usually make a rapid recovery and can usually be discharged from hospital within two to three days.
Varicocelectomy
A varicocele is a collection of dilated veins that can surround the testicle causing aching of the testicles and increase in size of the scrotal sac. Varicoceles are also associated with infertility as the temperature within the testicle rises due to the insulating effect of the surrounding dilated veins.
Varicocelectomy is performed to reduce the inflow of these veins into the scrotum thereby causing them to collapse and cure the problem. Keyhole surgery allows a very rapid recovery and gives very good results for this condition when compared with open surgery.
Nephrectomy for non functioning kidneys
A kidney may stop functioning for a number of reasons including long-term obstruction, stone disease or chronic infection. A non functioning kidney can cause chronic pain in the loin area and also can lead to repeated infections of the urinary tract. In rare instances, a non functioning kidney can have an effect on blood pressure control causing patients to have an increased blood pressure requiring medication. Keyhole surgery can be performed to remove the kidney to stop the above effects. The advantages are rapid recovery, decreased pain in the recovery period and a good cosmetic result due to the small incisions.
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